Umhlahlandlela wobuchwepheshe wokushisela ipuleti lensimbi ngomshini wokushisela nge-laser obanjwayo, ohlanganisa ukusetha amandla okunconyiwe ngobukhulu bepuleti, imingcele yokungena ngaphakathi, izidingo zokupholisa, namacebiso asebenzayo okuthola ukushisela okuhlanzekile, okuphindaphindekayo.
Ukushisela Ipuleti Lensimbi Nge-Laser Obanjwayo: Okuyisisekelo
Ipuleti lensimbi lingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ekwakheni izakhiwo, ekwakheni imishini, nasekukhiqizeni izinto ezisindayo. I- umshini wokushisela nge-laser ophathwayo iletha ukuguquguquka ekushiseleni amapuleti okungenakukwenza izinhlelo ezingaguquki ze-gantry-umsebenzisi angahamba ngokukhululeka ezungeze amapuleti amakhulu, ashiselele kunoma iyiphi indlela, futhi afinyelele emakhoneni nasemaphethelweni ngaphandle kokuhlehlisa ucezu lomsebenzi. Ukuqonda imingcele efanele yobukhulu ngalunye lwepuleti kubalulekile ekutholeni ukushisela okuqinile, okuhlanzekile ngokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokushisa.
Izilungiselelo Zamandla Ngobukhulu Bepuleti
I- umshini wokushisela nge-laser ophathwayo wensimbi engagqwali itholakala nge-1000W, 1500W, 2000W, ne-3000W. Izinga ngalinye lamandla linobubanzi obusebenzayo bobukhulu bepuleti lapho lisebenza kahle khona:
- 1000W – Kufaneleka kakhulu epuletini elincanyana (1–2mm). Kukhiqiza ukushisela okuhlanzekile ensimbini encane ngokufaka ukushisa okuncane. Gwema ukuqhubekela ngale kwe-2mm-ukungena ngaphakathi okwanele kuholela ekubuthakathakeni kwamalunga.
- 1500W – Izinga elisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseleni amapuleti. Ithola ukungena ngaphakathi okuphezulu kwe-3mm ensimbi engagqwali nase-aluminium, ngokungaguquguquki kwe-bead engu-±0.1mm. Ilungele imisebenzi eminingi yokwakha amapuleti.
- 2000W – Inweba amandla ukuze ifinyelele epuletini elingama-3–4mm. Ilungele izinsimbi zokwakha, izindlu zemishini, nokuhlanganiswa kwamapuleti aphakathi nendawo.
- 3000W – Yakhelwe ipuleti elijiyile (4mm+). Inikeza ukungena ngaphakathi okujulile nesivinini esiphezulu sokuhamba ezinhlelweni ezisindayo zokwakha.
Imingcele Ebalulekile Yokushisela Okumele Ulawule
Amandla E-Laser Nokujula Kokungena Ngaphakathi
Ukujula kokungena ngaphakathi kunqunywa ikakhulukazi amandla e-laser nesivinini sokuhamba. Kumodeli ye-1500W esebenza epuletini lensimbi engagqwali elingama-3mm, imingcele ebalulekile yile:
- Ukusetha amandla: 1200–1500W (lungisa ngokuya ngokulungiswa kwejoyinti)
- Isivinini sokuhamba: ngokuvamile 10–20 mm/s ukuze kungene ngaphakathi ngokugcwele epuletini elingama-3mm
- Ukungena ngaphakathi okuphezulu: 3mm ensimbi engagqwali nase-aluminium
- Ukungaguquguquki kwe-bead: ±0.1mm kulo lonke ubude bokushisela
Epuletini elijiyile, andisa amandla ngokulinganayo futhi wehlise isivinini sokuhamba-kodwa njalo hlola kuqala ngesampula. Amandla amaningi ngesivinini esisheshayo abangela ukuguguleka, kuyilapho amandla anganele ngesivinini esihamba kancane ebangela ukuqina ngokweqile.
Imodi ye-Pulse vs. Continuous Wave
Iningi lama-welder e-fiber laser abanjwayo anikeza zombili izindlela ze-continuous wave (CW) ne-pulse:
- Imodi ye-CW – iletha amandla angaguquki ukuze kungene ngaphakathi ngokujulile. Ilungele amapuleti amakhudlwana nokushisela kwesakhiwo okudinga ukuhlangana okugcwele.
- Imodi ye-Pulse – ishintsha phakathi kwamandla aphezulu e-peak nesikhathi sokuphumula. Inciphisa ukufakwa kokushisa okuphelele, okwenza ilungele amapuleti amancane nezinhlelo ezizwela ukushisa lapho kufanele kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka.
Ukondla Ngentambo Nempahla Yokugcwalisa
Ukuze kushiselwe ipuleti okudinga ukugcwaliswa kwegebe noma ukuqiniswa, isistimu yokondla ngentambo ehlanganisiwe ibalulekile. Izinto ezibalulekile okumele zicatshangelwe:
- Ububanzi bocingo: 0.8–1.2mm kujwayelekile ekushiseleni amapuleti
- Into yocingo: qondanisa nensimbi eyisisekelo-sebenzisa intambo yensimbi engagqwali epuletini elingagqwali, intambo yensimbi yekhabhoni epuletini lekhabhoni
- Izinga lokudla: kufanele ilinganiselwe nesivinini sokuhamba namandla e-laser; ukushesha kakhulu kubangela ukufafaza, ukuhamba kancane kakhulu kubangela ukungagcwali ngokwanele
Ukupholisa Nokulawula Ukushisa
Ukushisela amapuleti kukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi epuletini elijiyile nasemithungo emide. Isistimu yokupholisa ngokujikeleza kwamanzi kumodeli ye-1500W isekela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwamahora angu-8+, igcina izinga lokushisa lomthombo we-laser lizinzile phakathi noshifu. Izinto ezibalulekile zokupholisa:
- Ukusetha izinga lokushisa le-chiller: landela ububanzi obunconyiwe umkhiqizi-ngokuvamile 20–25°C
- Ikhwalithi ye-coolant: sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile noma adityanisiwe ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana kwe-scale kumjikelezo wokupholisa
- Isikhathi sokuhlola: hlola izinga le-coolant nesimo se-filter masonto onke ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo
Amacebiso Asetshenziswayo Okushisela Amapuleti Asekhwalithi
- Lungisa ijoyinti kahle – i-mill scale, ukugqwala, namafutha kufanele kususwe ebusweni bepuleti ngaphambi kokushisela. Ukungcola kuyimbangela enkulu yokuba nezimbotshana.
- Gcina isivinini sokuhamba esingaguquki – ukuhlukahluka kwesivinini kubangela iphrofayili ye-bead engalingani nokungena ngaphakathi okungaguquki. Sebenzisa umhlahlandlela noma i-fixture yemithungo eqondile.
- Lawula ukunamathela kwentambo – gcina ukunwetshwa kwentambo yokugcwalisa kungaguquki (ngokuvamile 8–12mm ukusuka kuthiphu yokuthinta) ukuze uqinisekise i-arc nokondla okuzinzile.
- Sebenzisa igesi yokuvikela ye-argon – izinga lokugeleza elingu-15–20 L/min lijwayelekile ekushiseleni amapuleti. Ukuvikela okunganele kubangela ukugqwala nokushintsha umbala.
- Gcina amaphrofayili alungisiwe – imodeli ye-1500W igcina amaphrofayili okushisela angaphezu kuka-50. Uma usuveze imingcele ethile yobukhulu bepuleti, yigcine ukuze uyikhumbule ngokushesha emisebenzini ezayo.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Ikhwalithi
| Ipharamitha | Ububanzi Obamukelekile |
|---|---|
| Ububanzi be-bead | Bufana kulo lonke ubude bokushisela |
| Ukungaguquguquki kwe-bead | Ukuchezuka okungu-±0.1mm (imodeli ye-1500W) |
| Ukungena ngaphakathi | Ukuhlangana okugcwele kulo lonke ubukhulu bepuleti |
| Umbala wangaphezulu | Isiliva ukuya kokhanyayo (ukuvikelwa okufanele) |
| I-Undercut | Akukho okubonakalayo emaphethelweni e-bead |
Isitifiketi Sokusetshenziswa Kwezimboni
Ukuze kushiselwe amapuleti ezimbonini ezilawulwayo, isitifiketi somshini akukho okungaxoxisana ngaso. Imishini yokushisela nge-laser ebanjwayo ye-Xinhong CNC inesitifiketi se-CE ne-RoHS, ikhiqizwa ngaphansi kokuphathwa kwekhwalithi ye-ISO 9001:2015. Imithombo ye-laser evela ku-IPG, RAYCUS, ne-GW iqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhondo engaguquki kulo lonke ububanzi bamandla.
Izindatshana Ezihlobene
- Umshini Wokushisela Nge-Laser Ophathwayo Ubukhulu Bensimbi Engagqwali: Okufanele Ukwazi
- Umshini Wokushisela Nge-Laser Ophathwayo Weshidi Lensimbi: Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo
- Indlela Yokukhetha Umshini Wokushisela Nge-Laser Ophathwayo Wepayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali
- Umshini Wokushisela Nge-Laser Ophathwayo Ongcono Kakhulu Wensimbi: Imibandela Yokukhetha